Utility Functions in C++ pair and tuple
The C++ programming language Standard Template Library (STL) provides utility data type methods like pair and tuple to handle and manage groups or collections of data elements. The pair and tuple system-defined utility data type methods in C++ are built-in features of the utility and tuple header files, and provide a method for storing and processing multiple elements simultaneously within a single container data type element, such as multiple objects defined in a program.
So, let’s get to know utility data type containers like pair and tuple in C++ programming better.
Pair Utility Data Type Concept in C++.
In C++ programming, pair is a simple data type container method that stores and processes two element values in a secondary storage location, which can be multiple individual data type elements. The pair data type is then used. When a C++ user needs to return two values from a user-defined function or store and process two related values simultaneously.
Pair Utility Data Type Definition.
In C++ programming, the pair template utility data type method is defined or declared like this:
template <typename T1, typename T2>
struct pair_element {
T1 first; // First pair element data type
T2 second; // Second pair element data type
};
Use of the Pair Utility Data Type.
- In a C++ program, a pair can store exactly two values of any data type.
- C++ users can access and process the pair’s data value information using the first and second pair members.
- In a C++ program, pair objects can be compared, assigned, and swapped using built-in operator methods.
Pair Utility Data Type Use Cases.
A C++ program requires returning two values from a user-defined pair function. This involves storing key-value pairs in an associative container, such as a map or unordered_map.
Example of the Pair Utility Data Type.
#include <iostream>
#include <utility> // Here we use the utility header file for the std::pair method.
using namespace std;
int main() {
// Here we create a pair data type with the int and string data types.
pair<int, string> prdata = {999, “C++ programming”};
// Here we access the elements of the pair utility data type.
cout << “First pair utility element – ” << prdata.first << endl;
cout << “Second pair utility element – ” << prdata.second << endl;
// Here we modify and update the pair elements data.
prdata.first = 1099;
prdata.second = “Java programming”;
cout << “Modified pair utility element – ” << prdata.first << “, ” << prdata.second << endl;
return 0;
}
Explanation of the Pair Utility Data Type.
- In this example, a pair utility <int, string> is created with integer and string data types, where the first data type is an integer value, and the second data type is a string.
- In this example, the first and second data members of the pair utility are directly accessed and modified.
Tuple Utility Data Type Concept in C++.
In C++ programming, the tuple data type is a more common container storage method than the pair data type because it can store any number of data type value elements of multiple individual types. While the tuple data type can define and store multiple values of multiple separate data types, it is essentially a fixed-size data type container. The tuple data type can be used to group or collect multiple separate data types.
Tuple Utility Data Type Definition.
In a C++ program, a user-defined tuple template is defined as follows:
template <typename… Types>
class tuple {
// Here, there are zero or more data elements of user-defined individual data types
};
Usage of the Tuple Utility Data Type.
- A user-defined tuple data type can contain any number of user-declared data elements. The values here can range from zero to any number of data elements.
- C++ users can access and manage the data elements of a tuple using the std::get<index>(tuple) method. Where the tuple index is a compile-time constant (zero-based).
- In the tuple data type, user-defined data element numbers and their data types are known at compile time, providing method type safety. Tuple elements can be accessed, modified, and used with other standard library functions such as std::make_tuple and std::tie.
Tuple Utility Data Type Use Cases.
- Returning multiple values from a function in a user-defined tuple program.
- Storing different collection data values with a user-defined tuple declared function value.
- The tuple utility allows grouping similar data of multiple data types together.
Example of the Tuple utility data type.
#include <iostream>
#include <tuple> // here we use header utility file For std::tuple method
using namespace std;
int main() {
// here we are creating a tuple data type with different data method
tuple<int, double, string> tpple = {101, 999.90, “JavaScript”};
// here we are accessing tuple data elements using std::get method
cout << “First tuple element – ” << get<0>(tupple) << endl; // here we accessing the first tuple data element (int) data type
cout << “Second tuple element – ” << get<1>(tupple) << endl; // here we accessing the second tuple data element (double) data type
cout << “Third tuple element – ” << get<2>(tupple) << endl; // here we accessing the third tuple data element (string) data type
//here we modifying update tuple data elements values
get<0>(tppple) = 102;
get<1>(tppple) = 1099;
get<2>(tpple) = “Tuple Modified”;
cout << “Modified tuple element – “
<< get<0>(tpple) << “, “
<< get<1>(tpple) << “, “
<< get<2>(tpple) << endl;
return 0;
}
Explanation of the Tuple utility data type.
- Here in this example, a tuple data type <int, double, string> is created from three different types of data value elements.
- The std::get<index>(tuple) method is used to access and manage a specific data element.
- The elements of a tuple data type can be updated directly using the std::get<index>(tuple) method.
